Functionalized short chain fluorinated polyether based electrolytes for safe lithium batteries and the cells having the same

摘要

Non-flammable electrolyte compositions for lithium metal primary batteries and the cells containing these electrolytes are described. The electrolyte compositions comprise one or more partially or fully fluorinated functionalized short chain polyethers with one or more lithium salts, and may include one or more cosolvents, and may have one or more fire retardants added. Said short chain functionalized fluorinated polyethers have much better ionic conductivity than the alkyl terminated fluorinated polyethers or long chain perfluoropolyethers, which provide superior flame resistance without sacrificing overall battery performance. Heat resistant, non-flammable primary lithium cells are also disclosed.

主权项

1. A fire resistant, non-flammable and stable electrolyte composition for lithium primary batteries, which electrolyte composition contains at least one functionalized fluorinated short chain polyether which has a general structure represented by formula:
R—(CxF2x-yHyO)m—R′, wherein x, y and m represent integers with x=1 to 3, y=0 to 2x-1, m=1 to 9, and R, R′ represent functional groups, selected from the group of ethers, esters, carbonates, carboxylic acids, alcohols, nitriles, amines, amides, lactones, lactams, sulfates, sulfonates, sulfones, sultones, phosphates, phosphites, phosphonates, and phosphazenes, and said polyether is present from trace amount to 100% (percent) by weight.