| 摘要 |
The present invention relates to a horizontal-shaft/vertical-transmission wind turbine for generating electricity, which may be on-shore or off-shore, with reduced materials and structures in the nacelle, mast and foundation, which moves much of the equipment to the base of the mast, thereby reducing capex, enabling significant reductions in the operation and maintenance costs of the turbines, and reducing the cost of the installed power (installed MW) in a wind farm. The mechanical energy coming from the rotor is transmitted by a vertical shaft system (6) along the mast, which incorporates naval technology, and which is based on platforms (1) to neutralize harmonics and is connected to H/Vst (3) and V/Hmvst (4) transmissions, coupled using contraction and expansion joints (2). In addition to this, the rotor orientation system (YAW control) (29), which is connected to the torque control of the transmissions, the brake control and the blade pitch control, enables the rotor to be properly positioned. The invention enables radio communication between masts and with a control center over an aerial interface, which increases the reliability and general safety of the system. |
| 主权项 |
1. Wind turbine for generation of electric power with naval technology built of a Nacelle connected in the upper part of a tower to a vertical shaft, which internally goes down to the lower end of the tower to connect to at least one generator in its lower end, situated in concrete foundation on the ground, characterized by an arrangement formed of the following components:
a) one Nacelle connected in the upper part of the tower, which contains the following elements:
i. one multi-blade axial rotor placed perpendicularly to the wind incidence and moved by the force of the wind, connected to the vertical shaft inside the tower by means of an upper transmission system H/Vst provided with torque sensors and active control system to change the propeller pitch according to the angle of the wind incidence, considering that the assembly is supported on a reinforced platform (skid); ii. an upper transmission system H/Vst, coupled to the main shaft in the center of the connection between the nacelle (17) and the upper part of the tower, fixed on the skid, which mechanically transmits the power from the axial rotor (16) to the main shaft (9) and to the lower part of the tower. iii. an upper brake system, coupled to the main shaft and driven by hydraulic clamps, whose hydraulic control system is fixed on the skid;
b) one vertical shaft with naval technology of the type “motor shaft line”, which extends along the tower to connect to a generator in its lower end, the referred main shaft provided with i. support platforms provided with low friction elastic coupling and shrinkage/expansion joints, which are positioned in the “harmonic” points of vibration of the referred vertical shaft, determined according to the operational conditions, such as, for example, rotation speed of the propellers, motor power, tower height, temperature; ii. sustaining bearings located in the tower base, which support the weight of the shaft structure, which is self-sustaining; c) one lower transmission system V/Hmvst with speed multiplication, which increases the rotation speed to generate power, provided with a torque sensor and lower brake system, driven by hydraulic clamps, connected to at least one generator installed in the lower part of the tower, in concrete foundation on the ground or underground. d) one control center situated at the tower base receives the information from the active electronic control with dedicated software, installed in the upper part of the tower, which performs measurements of the torque and the direction of the wind and, if necessary, drives the upper and the lower brake systems and the hydraulic control system. |
