| 摘要 |
Textile materials are rendered resistant to creasing by impregnating them with aqueous solutions of formaldehyde (or compounds supplying formaldehyde) in the presence of non-oxidizing acid-reacting compounds, acting on them with organic compounds containing a basic group and at least one radicle with 4 or more carbon atoms, and heating them. The organic compounds last mentioned must not be of resinous character or capable of forming resins with formaldehyde. The process is particularly useful with cotton, mercerized or other hydrated cellulose, artificial silk, linen, and mixed fabrics containing for instance cotton and artificial silk, cotton and wool, or silk and artificial silk. Formaldehyde may be employed as a 30 per cent solution, or as trioxymethylene. In the organic compounds, the basic group may be nitrogenous or of the oxonium type. Suitable compounds include dibutylamines, diamylamines, dodecylamine, cetylamine, octodecylamine, monooleyl amine, monostearyl amine; dodecyl, cetyl, oleyl, and octodecyl ethanolamines; sulphanilic acid; the esters or amides of higher fatty acids and hydroxyalkylamines such as mono, di, and triethanolamine, ethyl butanolamine, or cyclohexyl propanolamine, e.g. triethanol amine mono-oleic acid ester, dibutyl ethanol amine, palmitic acid ester, coco-nut oil fatty acid monoethanol amide, stearic acid monoethanolamide or oleic acid diethanol amide; the condensation products of ethylene oxide with amines or with esters or amides from fatty acids and alkylolamines; condensation products of ethylene oxide with fatty acids of high molecular weight, e.g. coco-nut oil, fatty acid, palmitic, stearic, ricinoleic, or oleic acid, or with their glycerides, or with the corresponding alcohols. The products from 20 moles of ethylene oxide and 1 mole of oleyl alcohol, or from 10 moles of ethylene oxide and 1 of dodecyl alcohol, or from 40 moles of ethylene oxide and 1 of castor oil, are given as instances; from 4 to 50 moles of ethylene oxide may however be employed for each mole of acid or alcohol. The acid-reacting substance may be hydrochloric,sulphuric,amino-sulphonic, thiocyanic, acetic, chloracetic, ethionic, or a benzene disulphonic acid, or aluminium chloride or alum, and is used in such quantity that the bath has a faintly acid reaction. If insoluble the amines are insoluble, the acid is slightly in excess of that required to convert them into soluble salts. The textiles may be impregnated with a solution of all the reagents, squeezed or hydroextracted, dried, and then heated for a short time to 100--160 DEG or 200 DEG C.; or they may be successively treated with an acid-formaldehyde bath and with a solution of the basic compound, which may be used in proportions between 0,1 and 100 grm. per litre, but preferably not more than 50. Examples are given of the treatment of artificial viscose silk. Specification 414,576 is referred to. According to the Provisional Specification the nitrogenous compound may be glycocoll, sarcosine, or taurine.
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