| 摘要 |
FIELD: personal demand items.SUBSTANCE: light protective suit of rescuer consists of trousers with protective stockings, shirt with hood, two-finger gloves and inner helmet, with protective vest from electromagnetic radiation consisting of the fabric lining connected to protective shell, in the fabric lining the elastic frame studs are fixed by means of clamps on the waist belt, and the protective shell is fastened on elastic frame studs; the protective shell has three layers, and the first layer facing towards the operator environment, is implemented in the form of the interconnected rings, and the third layer facing towards the operator's body is made of the punched polymeric material, for example aramide fibre, and the second layer, located between them, is made elastic, from elastic mesh elements, the material of rings is stainless steel, which is processed by composite material with improved protective properties from electromagnetic radiation, the composite material for protection against electromagnetic radiation consists of polymeric base with distributed particles of the compounds (Fe, Si) or - Co with nanocrystal structure with the volume density (0.6÷1.4)·101/nm. The polymer base for fixation of powder particles position with nanocrystalline structure is made in the form of structure elements alternating between each other and arranged at the angle 90° to each other, and each of elements is made in the form of lengthy particles arranged in parallel rows; the particles arranged to the left and right from it are shifted by the value that does not exceed half of the maximum size of the particle, at the same time the optimum is the following range of nanocrystal volume density values in the amorphous matrix: greater than 0.6·101/nm, but less than 1.4·101/nm. The first layers of the protective suit of the rescuer and the protective vest facing towards the operator environment are processed by foamy multifunctional composition for decontamination, disinfection, disinsection, deactivation and shielding of surfaces, volumes and objects from hazardous agents and substances by the foam where the liquid phase of foam is the solution of clathrate of didecyl dimethylammonium halogenide with carbamide as active ingredient amounting from 0,1 to 5% wt, and the clathrate didecyl dimethylammonium halogenide with carbamide is clathrate of didecyl dimethylammonium chloride with carbamide and/or clathrate of didecyl dimethylammonium bromide with carbamide is used, and the second layer is made of the material absorbing radioactive radiation with the absorption coefficient corresponding to the rate of dose of ionizing radiation, the material absorbing radioactive radiation is the material, which contains the filler with lead oxides (oxide of lead II, IY) and the binder - polyvinylbutyral, ethyl acetate, di - (alkyl polyethylene glycol) ether of phosphoric acid with the formulawhere n = 6, R - alkyl residue containing 8-10 atoms of carbon, and ethyl cellulose at the following ratio of components, wt %: oxide of lead II, IY 30.6-56.8; polyvinylbutyral 3.8-10.2; ethyl acetate 14.3-26.5; di-(alkyl polyethylene glycol ether of phosphoric acid) 0.2-0.4; ethyl cellulose - the rest. The new composition of the binder in the offered invention provides full compatibility with oxides of lead and allows to produce material with high lead equivalent and degree of flexibility which has good adhesion to metals, to concrete, brick, also the material is the high-concentrated suspension which quickly hardens in air, and the material viscosity is 20÷70 Pa·s that allows to cast from it films of various thickness by die or extruder, to apply on a surface with brush, splashing, fill in various cavities, cracks and channels.EFFECT: improvement of efficiency of protection of the rescuer in emergency conditions by processing of the equipment layer facing towards environment, foamy multifunctional composition from hazardous reagents and substances.6 dwg |
