| 摘要 |
FIELD: physics, optics.SUBSTANCE: invention relates to holographic collimating sights which form an imaginary image of the aiming mark at infinity using a holographic optical element. The holographic collimating sight includes, mounted in the housing of the sight and arranged in series on the optical beam path, a diode laser, a diaphragm, a swivel flat mirror, an off-axial spherical collimating mirror, a holographic diffraction grating and a holographic optical element which forms an imaginary image of the aiming mark in the aiming space, and parameters of the components of the optical system are selected based on the condition: - r1/r2=0.5-5, where: r1 and r2 respectively denote the radius of curvature of the front and back surfaces of the collimating reflector; and the limit of the reflecting diffraction grating m=1-3; the number of strips of the reflecting diffraction grating per mm N=600-2400; wherein the distance between the optical elements is as follows, respectively: A=5-30 mm; B=20-250 mm; A+B=30-280 mm; B/A=0.6-50; C=15-240 mm; B>C; (A+B)/C=1.1-2; D depends on the position of the exit window and the reflection angle of beams from the grating, and wherein D=5-200 mm, where: A, B, C, D respectively denote the distance on the optical axis between optical elements: diode laser - flat mirror, flat mirror-collimating reflector, collimating reflector - holographic reflecting diffraction grating, holographic reflecting diffraction grating - holographic optical element.EFFECT: determining confidence intervals of the optical system of a holographic collimating sight, compliance with which said system with different efficiency can have a solution; determining the optimum ratio of the required dimensions of the optical system of the sight for different standard dimensions; selecting the optimum assembly of optical elements in the cylindrical housing of the holographic collimating sight; using a spherical reflecting mirror, the radii of the reflecting (back) surface and transmitting (front) surface of which have different lengths to eliminate aberrations; using diaphragms of different types and shape to limit optical flux from the LED and forming the required shape of the illumination spot of the holographic element, which enables to use standard (commercially available) LEDs and different parameters of exit windows; using a cylindrical external housing in order to improve resistance to external impacts, including by eliminating flat surfaces; the outer appearance of the cylindrical sight is more convenient, coupled with combined operation with magnifying caps and night vision devices, also having a cylindrical shape; enabling variation of the dimensions of the sight by setting confidence intervals of the ratios of the dimensions of the elements of the optical system, which also make the device more manufacturable.3 cl, 6 dwg |
