Motion estimation with motion vector penalty

摘要

The MPEG motion estimation process is improved by the introduction of the motion vector penalty. The motion vector employed to encode a macroblock takes into consideration the number of bits needed to encode the macroblock with the selected motion vector. This consideration includes a sum of the residual error and the cost to encode the candidate motion vector. This provides an optimization of the bit allocation and vector type selection. This optimization results in a significantly improved picture quality.

主权项

1. A method of motion estimation in a digital video compression system comprising the steps of:
segmenting the target picture into a grid of macroblocks; for each macroblock
choosing for test a plurality of candidate motion vectors according to an implemented search criteria,for each candidate motion vector calculating a residual error between the macroblock and a reference macroblock displaced by a current candidate motion vector,for each candidate motion vector estimating a cost of coding said current candidate motion vector dependent upon a difference between said candidate motion vector and a motion vector from an immediately previous macroblock including separately determined cost of coding a horizontal difference of motion vectors and cost of coding a vertical difference of motion vectors,selecting one candidate motion vector providing a least number of bits to encode the macroblock dependent upon said calculated residual error and said cost of coding, and encoding the macroblock using the one selected candidate motion vector.