| 摘要 |
<p>The production of refined copper from copper matte has until now been dominated by the use of Peirce-Smith converters and anode furnaces that use discontinuous processing, meaning that current standards regarding gas and dust emissions cannot be met in an acceptable manner. The invention establishes operational continuity in the industrial process and eliminates fugitive emissions of gases and impurities from the process, without polluting the environment. The method consists in continuously supplying copper-nickel or copper matte that is liquid, solid or a mixture of both inside a vertical ceramic packed-bed reactor, together with a dose of flux, while air or oxygen-enriched air is blown counter-current through nozzles in order to obtain a desired degree or rate of oxidation, with the supply of matte and fluxes, and continuously producing gases, slag and oxidised copper low in sulphur (Bessemer matte in the case of copper-nickel matte), which are separated by density difference on the bottom of the reactor. Liquids and gases with a high sulphur dioxide content are extracted continuously. The dispersion of the matte in the non-reactive packed ceramic of the reactor allows a high reaction rate that is controlled with flow and the partial oxygen pressure, determining the composition of the end product, blister copper or oxidised copper or degree of metallization of Bessemer matte.</p> |
