| 主权项 |
1. An electroplating composition comprising: a source of tin ions; an acid electrolyte; 0.0001 to 0.045 g/L of a first grain refiner; 0.005 to 0.75 g/L of an α,β-unsaturated aliphatic carbonyl compound as a second grain refiner; a nonionic surfactant; and water; wherein the first grain refiner is chosen from a compound of formula (1) or (2)wherein each R1 is independently (C1-6)alkyl, (C1-6)alkoxy, hydroxy, or halo; R2 and R3 are independently chosen from H and (C1-6)alkyl; R4 is H, OH, (C1-6)alkyl or O(C1-6)alkyl; m is an integer from 0 to 2; each R5 is independently (C1-6)alkyl; each R6 is independently chosen from H, OH, (C1-6)alkyl, or O(C1-6)alkyl; n is 1 or 2; and p is 0, 1 or 2. |
