CARBOTHERMAL REDUCTION REACTOR SYSTEM, COMPONENTS THEREOF, AND METHODS OF USING SAME

摘要

Methods, systems, and components suitable for carbothermal reduction processes are disclosed. Exemplary systems include a reactor, such as hybrid solarthermal-electric reactor, a solar thermal reactor, an electric reactor, or a reactor heated by gas combustion, a pellet source, a gas reactant source, and a vacuum source. The reactor can operate as a moving bed or pseudo moving bed reactor.