| 摘要 |
<p>#CMT# #/CMT# Olefin/alkenyl alkanoate/alkyl alkenoate copolymers (I) are new. #CMT# : #/CMT# Polymers (I) derived from a monomer mixture comprising monomers of formula M1-M3 and optionally M4-M5 are new. R 1>CH=CH 2 (M1) R 2>R 3>C=CR 4>-OCOR 5> (M2) R 6>R 7>C=CR 8>-COOR 9> (M2) R 10>R 11>C=CR 12>R 13> (M4) R 17>CO-CR 15>=CR 16>R 18> (M5) R 1>H or 1-40C alkyl; R 2>-R 4>H or 1-4C alkyl; R 5>1-20C alkyl; R 6>-R 8>H or 1-4C alkyl; R 9>9-20C branched alkyl or a combination of 4-20C alkyl and 9-20C alkyl; R 10>-R 12>H or 1-4C alkyl; R 13>OCOR 14>; R 14>3-19C alkyl; R 15>H or 1-4C alkyl; R 17>OR 19>; R 16>, R 18>H, 1-4C alkyl or COR 20>, one being H or alkyl and the other being COR 20>; R 20>OR 21>; R 19>, R 21>H or 1-20C alkyl; R 17>+R 20>O; provided that the average number of carbon atoms in all of R 9>, R 13>, R 19> and R 21>8.5-20 and that R 5> and R 14> are different. Independent claims are also included for: (1) fuel oil composition comprising a major amount of a middle distillate fuel with a boiling point of 120-500[deg] C and a minor amount of (I); (2) lubricant composition comprising a major amount of lubricant and a minor amount of (I); (3) additive package comprising (I) and conventional lubricant or fuel oil additives. #CMT#USE : #/CMT# (I) are useful as additives for fuel oils and lubricants (claimed), especially cold flow improvers for lowering the cold filter plugging point (CFPP) of fuel oils, including diesel fuels and heating oils, especially those comprising 5-100 wt.% biodiesel, fatty acid methyl ester, biomass-to-liquid diesel or gas-to-liquid diesel. #CMT#POLYMERS : #/CMT# Preferred Copolymer: This is either an ethylene/vinyl acetate/alkyl acrylate copolymer, where alkyl is 2-propylheptyl, 2-propylheptyl + 4-methyl-2-propylhexyl, 2-ethylhexyl + 2-propylheptyl, 2-ethylhexyl + 2-propylheptyl + 4-methyl-2-propylhexyl, 2-ethylhexyl + lauryl, 2-ethylhexyl + lauryl + myristyl or 2-ethylhexyl + 2-propylheptyl + 4-methyl-2-propylhexyl + lauryl + myristyl, or an ethylene/vinyl acetate/vinyl laurate/2-ethylhexyl acrylate copolymer. #CMT#EXAMPLE : #/CMT# A copolymer of ethylene (61.2 wt.%), vinyl acetate (25.1 wt.%) and a 9:1 combination of 2-propylheptyl and 4-methyl-2-propylhexyl acrylate (13.7 wt.%) was prepared by high-pressure polymerization. A 50% solution of the copolymer in solvent naphtha was added to heating oil in an amount of 1000 ppm. This lowered the cold filter plugging point from 7[deg] C to 0[deg] C.</p> |
