| 主权项 |
1. A method for producing a solution comprising urea urethanes, wherein the method comprises:
reacting monohydroxy compounds of the general structure R—OH, wherein R is selected from the group consisting of an n-alkyl radical or an iso-alkyl radical of 4 to 22 carbon atoms, an alkenyl radical of 3 to 18 carbon atoms, a cycloalkyl radical, an aralkyl radical, a radical of the formula CmH2m+1(O—CnH2n)x—, a radical of the formula CmH2m+1(OOC—CvH2v)x—, and a radical of the formula Z—C6H4(O—CnH2n)x—, wherein m=1-22, n=2-4, x=1-15, v=4 or 5, and Z is an alkyl radical of 1 to 12 carbon atoms, with a 1.5 to 5-fold excess of tolylene diisocyanate, removing the unconverted tolylene diisocyanate from the reaction mixture, and reacting the monoisocyanate adducts thus obtained with diamines of the formula H2N—R′—NH2, wherein R′ is
CoH2o wherein o=2 to 12,(CpH2p—O)q—CpH2p wherein p=2 to 4 and q=1 to 25, (wherein R″ and R″′ are each independently CH3 or H), or mixtures thereof, to form urea urethanes, wherein the urea urethanes are produced by reacting at least two structurally different monoisocyanate adducts, which differ in the R radical, with the diamines, and wherein the reaction of the at least two structurally different monoisocyanate adducts with the diamines takes place in an ionic liquid; wherein: the ionic liquids have the general formula (I)
[A]n+[Y]n−, wherein n is =1 or 2 and the anion [Y]n− is selected from the group consisting of tetrafluoroborate [BF4]−, tetrachloroborate [BCl4]−, phosphate [PO4]3−, alkylphosphate [ROPO3]2−/[ROR′OPO2]−, hexafluorophosphate [PF6]−, hexafluoroantimonate [SbF6]−, hexafluoroarsenate [AsF6]−, tetrachloroaluminate [AlCl4]−, trichlorozincate [ZnCl3]−, dichlorocuprate [CuCl2]−, sulfate [SO4]2−, alkylsulfate [R′—SO4]−, hydrogen sulfate, carbonate [CO3]2−, fluorosulfonate, [R′—COO]−, [R′—SO3]−, and [(R′—SO2)2N]−, wherein R and R′ are each independently a linear or branched aliphatic or alicyclic alkyl radical containing 1 to 12 carbon atoms, or a C5-C18-aryl, C5-C18-aryl-C1-C6-alkyl or C1-C6-alkyl-C5-C18-aryl radical, the hydrogen atoms of which can be wholly or partly replaced by halogen atoms, and the cation [A]+ is selected from the group consisting of: wherein the radicals R1, R2, R3, R4, R5 and R6 are each independently selected from the group consisting of (i) substituted or unsubstituted linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated, aliphatic or alicyclic alkyl groups of 1 to 20 carbon atoms; (ii) heteroaryl or heteroaryl-C1-C6-alkyl groups having 3 to 8 carbon atoms in the heteroaryl radical and at least one heteroatom selected from the group consisting of N, O, and S, wherein the radical can be substituted with at least one group selected from the group consisting of C1-C6-alkyl groups and halogen atoms; (iii) substituted or unsubstituted aryl or aryl-C1-C6-alkyl groups having 5 to 12 carbon atoms in the aryl radical; (iv) a group selected from the group consisting of linear or branched aliphatic, cycloaliphatic, and a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic hydrocarbon radical of 2-40 carbon atoms which is interrupted by one or more heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of N and O; and (v) a substituted or unsubstituted linear or branched aliphatic hydrocarbon radical of 2-20 carbon atoms which is interrupted by one or more functionalities selected from the group consisting of —O—C(O)—, —(O)C—O—, —NH—C(O)—, —(O)C—NH—, —(CH3)N—C(O)—, —(O)C—N(CH3)—, —S(O)2—O—, —O—S(O)2—, —S(O)2—NH—, —NH—S(O)2—, —S(O)2—N(CH3)—, and —N(CH3)—S(O)2—. |
