| 摘要 |
FIELD: chemistry.SUBSTANCE: invention relates to methods of obtaining esters of amyl alcohols and simplest carboxylic acids C-C. Alcohol-containing wastes of caprolactam production are used as raw material. Method includes etherification of alcohol-containing wastes of caprolactam wastes with simplest carboxylic acids C-Cin presence of acidic catalyst. Process of etherification is carried out with continuous azeotropic distillation of water with reaction mixture components, as catalyst, sulfuric or orthophosphoric acid is used, catalyst is loaded in amount 0.1-2.5% of the total weight of initial substances, reaction mixture is cooled to 20-30°C and neutralised with water-alkaline solution with mixing to water layer pH 7-8, water phase is separated, organic phase is washed one-two times with water, final purification of esters is carried out by fractional distillation of organic phase. Obtained products are suitable for application as solvents for paints and varnishes, raw material for organic synthesis, as component of complex fuel additives.EFFECT: obtaining esters of amyl alcohols and simplest carboxylic acids C-C, characterised by high purity without catalyst admixtures, low water content - not more than 0,1%, and residual organic acids - not more than 0,01 without application of secondary rectification, as absence of acid facilitates purification of esters.9 ex |
