Tecnología de refinamiento de residuos metálicos que contienen cinc en un horno rotatorio

摘要

The invention concerns the technology and equipment for refining metallic wastes unsuitable for direct processing in blast furnaces or in steel-making plants because of their high zinc content, such as slurries or dust extracted from steel-making equipment. As a rule, the zinc content in a blast furnace charge is limited to 150 g Zn per ton of furnace charge. The essence of the invention consists of the reduction of zinc, lead, and cadmium oxides, the evaporation of said metals, and their subsequent oxidation on the combustion front and in the oxidation zone, as a result of which the dust that originates is extracted from the free furnace space above the charge; at the same time as zinc, lead, and cadmium evaporate, iron is reduced. The process is based on the separation of the oxidising and reduction zones in a rotating furnace providing for intense heat and mass transfer. The reduction zone is found in the part of the furnace accommodating the charge in a condensed phase where, as a result of the actions of the heat and reduction processes, the charge is modified to the output product with a significantly reduced zinc, lead, and cadmium content. The reduction environment in the reduction zone is achieved by the addition of materials with a high carbon content or metallic iron. The oxidation zone is located in the part of the furnace containing combustion products where the reduction products, such as carbon monoxide and metals in gaseous form (e.g. zinc), are oxidised to produce gases and dust. The oxidation zone is created by feeding oxygen or preheated air into the furnace space above the charge, where the quantity of oxygen/air supplied should be such that the CO 2 content in the combustion products at the end of the rotary furnace is at least twice as high as that of CO.