QUATERNIZED POLYETHERAMINES AND USE THEREOF AS ADDITIVES IN FUELS AND LUBRICANTS

摘要

#CMT# #/CMT# Fuel- or lubricant composition comprises at least one reaction product comprising a quaternized nitrogen compound, which is obtainable by reacting (a) a polyether-substituted amine compound containing at least one tertiary and quaternizable amino group, with (b) a quaternizing agent, which converts the tertiary amino group into a quaternary ammonium group, in a major proportion of a fuel or a lubricant. #CMT# : #/CMT# Independent claims are also included for: (1) quaternized nitrogen-containing compound; (2) preparing (II), comprising (a) alkoxylating amino alkanol compounds of formula ((R1)(R2)N-A-OH) (IV) with epoxide compounds of formula (V), to obtain alkoxylated amine of formula (((R1)(R2)N-A-O-(CH(R13)-CH(R14)-O) n-H) (V), and (b) quaternizing (V) with hydrocarbon compounds of formula (R7-X) (VI), or alkylene oxide of formula (VII) with an acid of formula (HX) (XII) to obtain a reaction product comprising at least one compound (II); (3) preparing (III), comprising (i) alkoxylating alcohol compounds of formula (R6-OH) (VIII) with (V) to obtain polyether of formula (R6-O-(CH(R3)-CH(R4)-O) n - 1-CH(R3)-CH(R4)OH) (IX), (ii) aminating (IX) with amine compounds of formula (NH(R1)(R2)) (X), to obtain an amine compounds of formula (R6-O-(CH(R3)-CH(R4)-O) n - 1-CH(R3)-CH(R4)-N(R1)(R2)) (XI), where (XI) is optionally alkylated, when R1 and R2 are H, and (c) quaternizing (XI) with (VI) or (VII) with (XII) to obtain a reaction product comprising at least one compound (III); and (4) an additive concentrate comprising at least one quaternized nitrogen compound prepared by the above method, with other diesel or gasoline fuel additives. R7 : alkyl or aryl; and R8 (in claim 9, formula VII) : H, alkyl, aryl, or -CH 2CH(OH)R8. #CMT#[Image]#/CMT# #CMT#USE : #/CMT# The quaternized nitrogen compound is useful as: a fuel additive or lubricant additive; a diesel fuel additive, preferably as cold flow improvers or as a wax anti-settling additive; a gasoline fuel additive for reducing or preventing deposits in an intake system of a gasoline engine, preferably in injectors of direct injection gasoline engines; an additive for reducing the fuel consumption of direct injection diesel engines, preferably diesel engines with common rail injection, and/or to minimize power loss in direct-injection diesel engines, or as an additive to reduce and/or prevent deposits in injectors, preferably internal diesel injector deposits; and/or for reducing and/or preventing deposits in the injectors in direct-injection diesel engines, preferably in common-rail injection (all claimed). #CMT#ADVANTAGE : #/CMT# The composition can be simultaneously used in diesel and gasoline fuels, exhibits good cleansing effect on various components of internal combustion engines, and prevents the formation of combustion chamber deposits and formation of deposits in fuel filters. #CMT#ORGANIC CHEMISTRY : #/CMT# Preferred Components: The quaternizing agent comprises: alkylene oxides, which optionally contains acids; aliphatic- or aromatic carboxylic acid esters, alkyl carbonates, preferably dialkyl carboxylates; alkanoates; cyclic non-aromatic- or aromatic carboxylic acid esters; alkyl sulfates, preferably dialkyl sulfates; alkyl halides; aryl halides; and/or alkylaryl halides; or alkyl phosphates; or dialkyl phosphates. The quaternized nitrogen compound is of formula (((R5)(R1)(R2)-N +>-A-O-(CH(R13)-CH(R14)-O) n-H)(X ->)) (II) or (R5-O-(CH(R3)-CH(R4)-O) n - 1-CH(R3)-CH(R4)-N +>(R2)(R1)(R5)(X ->)) (III). The fuel composition comprises diesel fuels, gasoline fuels, biodiesel fuels and alkanol-containing gasoline fuels. Either R1, R2 : alkyl, alkenyl, hydroxyalkyl, hydroxyalkenyl, aminoalkyl or amino-alkenyl, preferably 1-6C alkyl, hydroxy-1-6C alkyl, hydroxy-1-6C alkenyl or amino-1-6C alkyl; or R1+R2 : alkylene, oxyalkylene or amino-alkylene, preferably 2-6C alkylene, 2-6C-oxyalkylene or 2-6C amino-alkylene; R13, R14 : H, alkyl, preferably 1-6C alkyl, alkylaryl or aryl, preferably phenyl; R5 : group introduced by quaternization, preferably 1-6C-alkyl, hydroxy-1-6C-alkyl or -CH 2CH(OH)aryl; R6 : alkyl, alkenyl, cycloalkyl (optionally mono-or polyunsaturated) or aryl (all optionally substituted by OH or alkyl and all interrupted by at least one heteroatom), preferably 1-20C alkyl, aryl or alkylaryl; A : alkylene (optionally branched), preferably 2-6C-alkylene (optionally interrupted by at least one N, O or S); n : 1-50, preferably 1-30; and X : anion obtained from quaternization reaction. #CMT#POLYMERS : #/CMT# Preferred Components: The polyether substituent comprises ethoxy monomer units of formula (-CH(R3)-CH(R4)-O-) (I). The polyether-substituted amine has a number average molecular weight of 500-5000.R3, R4 = H, alkyl, alkylaryl or aryl. #CMT#EXAMPLE : #/CMT# No suitable example given.