| 摘要 |
A method is presented for making alkoxy-modified silsesquioxanes (AMS) or co-alkoxy-modified silsesquioxanes (co-AMS,) comprising the steps of (a) combining as a reaction mixture (i) water, (ii) an acid-stable solvent for the water, (iii) a solid strong cationic hydrolysis and condensation catalyst, and (iv) a trialkoxysilane compound, (b) allowing the reaction mixture to react for about 0.5 hours to about 200 hours to form the alkoxy-modified silsesquioxanes; and (c) recovering the alkoxy-modified silsesquioxanes from the reaction mixture. The use of solid strong cationic catalysts in this reaction system is advantageous because they remain as solids throughout the reaction, allowing simplified separation of the solid catalyst from the soluble AMS or co-AMS products, resulting in total or near total recovery of the AMS or co-AMS products, the products being free of, or substantially free of residual acid catalyst, as well as virtual total recovery of the catalyst for recycling. The improved AMS and co-AMS compounds, vulcanizable rubber compounds containing them, and a pneumatic tire having a component made from the vulcanized rubber compounds are also presented. |
| 主权项 |
1. A reaction mixture comprising:
(i) water; (ii) an acid-stable solvent for the water; (iii) a solid strong cationic hydrolysis and condensation catalyst; and (iv) an R-trialkoxysilane;
wherein R comprises a group bonded to the silicon atom and is independently selected from the group consisting of R1, R2 and R3, wherein R1, R2 and R3 are independently selected from the group consisting of (i) H or an alkyl groups having one to about 20 carbon atoms, (ii) cycloalkyl groups having 3 to about 20 carbon atoms, (iii) alkylaryl groups having 7 to about 20 carbon atoms, and (iv) R5X, wherein X is selected from the group consisting of Cl, Br, SH, SaR6, NR62, OR6, CO2H, CO2R6, SCOR6, OH, olefins, epoxides, amino groups, vinyl groups, acrylates and methacrylates, wherein a=2 to about 8, R5 is selected from the group consisting of alkylene groups having one to about 20 carbon atoms, cycloalkylene groups having 3 to about 20 carbon atoms, and R4 and R6 are selected from the group consisting of alkyl groups having one to about 5 carbon atoms, cycloalkyl groups having 3 to about 20 carbon atoms, and alkylaryl groups having 7 to about 20 carbon atoms;wherein the reaction mixture forms alkoxy-modified silsesquioxanes that consist essentially of a mixture of alkoxy-modified silsesquioxanes having an open structure with a reactive alkoxysilyl group, and are essentially free of closed caged polyhedral organosilsesquioxanes. |
