| 摘要 |
Natural waxes are reacted for 2-4 hours at 115-170 DEG C. with excess of an aliphatic carboxylic acid having an acyl group which is different from the acyl group of the wax in the presence of an acidolysis catalyst thus causing the acyl group of the wax to be replaced by that of the acid and yielding an acidolized wax product having an acid index higher than that of the natural wax. The reaction product is washed with a suitable solvent and may be further refined by bleaching and steam deodorization. Waxes specified are wool wax, carnauba wax and beeswax. Acids specified are formic, acetic, propionic, diglycolic and chloroacetic acids. The acidolysis catalyst may be an esterification catalyst, e.g. paratoluene sulphonic acid, sulphuric acid and hydrochloric acid. The wax product may be neturalized to yield soaps, e.g. sodium, potassium, lithium, calcium and aluminium soaps, which may be mixed with mineral oils giving clear gels. The examples describe the acidolysis of wool wax with all of the above acids, beeswax with acetic and propionic acids and carnauba wax with acetic acid.
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