Use of ash as an alternative alkalising agent

摘要

The industrial/incinerator ash or chemically/physically modified ash for alkalization of solid, liquid or gaseous systems. The systems have a pH value greater than 7. The ash is used for adjusting the water hardness. The solid, liquid, or gaseous systems are water, waste water, process water, closed loop water, waste paper, wood fibers, textiles, exhaust gases, sludges, biosludges, clarifying sludges and residues. The amount of ash is 0.001-100 wt%.