METHOD FOR PROCESSING COMBUSTIBLE CARBON-CONTAINING AND/OR HYDROCARBON-CONTAINING PRODUCTS, REACTOR FOR IMPLEMENTING SAME (VARIANTS) AND APPARATUS FOR PROCESSING COMBUSTIBLE CARBON-CONTAINING AND/OR HYDROCARBON-CONTAINING PRODUCTS

摘要

The inventions relate to the field of the industrial processing of combustible carbon-containing and hydrocarbon-containing products. A method for processing combustible carbon-containing and hydrocarbon-containing products is implemented in reactors equipped with temperature sensors. The reactors comprise a charge heating stage (13), a combustible component pyrolysis and coking stage (12), a combustion stage (11) and a solid residue formation stage (4). In the charge heating stage (13) and the pyrolysis and coking stage (12), a sorption zone (21) for aerosols, that is the dust-like particles and condensed droplets of liquid from the combustion zone (11), is formed, by means of washing the upper part of the charge by means of a disperser (22) with liquid hydrocarbon products and/or with the addition to the charge of solid hydrocarbon-containing products with a softening point of above 60°C and a boiling point of above 300°C. The apparatus comprises one of the above-mentioned reactors, a unit for discharging solid and non-combustible products of processing (27), a unit for the outlet of a steam-gas mix (28), a cyclone-type unit for purification by removal of solid and liquid carbon-containing particles (29) for primary purification, a unit for condensing liquid products (30), Florence flasks for condensates (31) and a collector for liquid hydrocarbon-containing waste materials (32). An additional unit for purification of the steam-gas mix (33), which consists of a centrifugal separator for fine purification (34) and one selective-type cyclone (35), is arranged between the cyclone-type unit for purification by removal of solid and liquid carbon-containing particles (29) and the unit for condensing liquid products (30). The collector for liquid hydrocarbon-containing waste materials (32) comprises a device for feeding said waste materials and a disperser (22) for the upper cover of the reactor (3). The invention makes it possible to increase the quality of purification of a steam-gas mix by removal of solid and liquid-drop impurities to 95%, to increase the productivity of the process and to simplify the design of the apparatus.