| 摘要 |
337,053. British Celanese, Ltd., and Bader, W. July 27, 1929. Acetic and other aliphatic acids and their esters; esters of phosphoric acid; ethers.- Aliphatic acids and their esters, for example, acetic acid and methyl acetate, are obtained by mixing liquid methanol or other aliphatic alcohol with one or more acid catalysts, namely, inorganic acids or inorganic acids containing organic groups, or their acid salts, and submitting the mixture to the action of carbon monoxide at 200‹-450‹ C. and at pressures up to 300 atmospheres. In a preferred method of carrying out the invention, methanol, preferably anhydrous, from a vessel 5 is mixed with phosphoric acid in a steam jacketed chamber 1 at 60‹-90‹ C. to promote, complete or partial esterification, and then passed to a jet 11. Carbon monoxide and steam are introduced into a preheater 12 by pipes 13 and 14 respectively, and pass to a gold- or graphite-lined reaction tube 2, heated to 300‹- 400‹ C., carrying with them methanol from the jet. The reaction products pass to a separator 15, where phosphoric acid separates and is returned to mixing chamber 1. Volatile products are condensed in a condenser 17, and remaining vapours are absorbed in charcoal in a tower 19. The gas is then passed through a pump 3 for recirculation. Esters present in the reaction products may be saponified by means of water in the presence of sulphuric acid, or, preferably, phosphoric acid at 150‹-300‹ C. to produce an acid and an ether. Specifications 283,989 and 284,582 are referred to. |
