| 摘要 |
501,034. Nitro compounds ; ethereal nitrates; explosives. KATAYLT-CHEMIE AKT.-GES. FLIMS. May 14, 1937, No. 13627. Void. Convention date, May 14, 1936. [Class 2 (iii)] [Also in Group XXI] In the preparation of nitro-compounds and nitric acid esters, nitration is effected in the presence of a catalyst comprising a compound of Cr, W, Mo, Ta, Cb, V, Ga or In, for example phosphomolybdic or phosphotungstic acid or vanadium phosphate. Highly nitrated compounds can be made, in a single stage; e.g. a mixture of tetra- and pentanitronaphthalene is produced by catalytic nitration of naphthalene at 75‹ C. Glycerine nitrated in the presence of a molybdenum catalyst gives a product of reduced sensitiveness to shock but of increased explosiveness. Mixtures of, for example, naphthalene and pentaerythrite can be highly nitrated to yield a shock-proof explosive. Initiating agents may be prepared by treating the shock-proof compound, e.g. hexanitronaphthalene, made by the process with oxygen-yielding substances such as ammonium perchlorate or barium peroxide dissolved, together with one of the said catalysts, in a weak acid such as formic.
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