| 摘要 |
<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a developing roller which is excellent in image quality and image durability and stably outputs a uniform image even in the case of being left to stand under a severe high-temperature and high-humidity environment for a long period, and a process cartridge and an electrophotographic apparatus using the developing roller. <P>SOLUTION: The developing roller has a mandrel, an elastic layer and a surface layer covering the elastic layer surface, in which the surface layer contains a urethane resin having at least one structure of, between two adjacent urethane linkages, a particular polyether structure and a particular polyether polyester structure. The surface layer contains polyurethane resin particles of which the elastic part of the indentation work based on ISO 14577-1 is 80% or more. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2013,JPO&INPIT |
