| 摘要 |
432,587. Silvering. DURO-RAY, Ltd., 97, Cheapside, and BARNES, A. M., 7, Princes Gardens, Hanger Hill, Acton, both in London. Feb. 8, 1934, No. 4233. [Class 93] [See also Group XXXVI] In silvering glass or similar transparent or translucent materials, films of colloidal silver only are formed to predetermined linear thickness on their surfaces to facilitate the electrodeposition of metals for protective purposes. A silvering-solution is prepared by adding sufficient ammonium hydroxide to an aqueous solution of silver nitrate to convert the silver nitrate to silver oxide and to redissolve the precipitated silver oxide in an excess of ammonium hydroxide, mixing the solution thus formed with an aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide, adding sufficient ammonium hydroxide to redissolve any excess of silver oxide appearing as precipitate, and diluting the mixture with water to a point where the original silver nitrate content is 5 grams per litre and the original sodium hydroxide content is 4À68 grams per litre, and a reducing-solution is prepared by dissolving a mixture of cane sugar and tartaric acid in water. Equal volumes of the silvering and reducing solutions are placed in vessels which are mounted above the work to provide a gravity feed or which have a compressed-air feed, and the solutions issue under the control of valves through two nozzles arranged at an angle of say 45‹ so as to mix to form a single jet, the time of action being set to provide the required thickness of deposit. The sheet of glass to be silvered may be attached to a vacuum cup, and a spindle carrying a ball engaging socket on the cup supports the glass on a circular table for rotary movement in a horizontal plane, or the spindle can be lifted and rotated in an inclined position to cause the silvering solution to flow over the surface of the glass. Alternatively, the glass may be mounted on a table which may be inclined to secure the glass at an angle to the horizontal. The silver deposit is backed by an electrolytic deposit of lead, the electrolyte being as nearly neutral as possible so that the adhesion of the silver to the glass is not adversely affected, e.g. the electrolyte may be an aqueous solution of lead perchlorate in which the lead content is 37À5 grams per litre and the free perchloric acid is 0À05 per cent. Clove oil or peptone may be added to reduce the grain size of the deposited lead to a minimum. |
