| 摘要 |
The method of destruction of and retrieving metals, ecological sludge, gas and energy from waste electrotechnical and electronic equipment according to the invention consists in that it is carried out in three basic stages, closely interrelated and following in succession, where in the first stage, the formerly stored equipment is disassembled on the multistation semi-automatic processing line (4) and sorted into groups of components containing iron (5), plastics (6), copper (7), aluminum (8), electrical batteries (9); moreover, luminophore (10) is sucked off from picture tubes, and refrigerant and oil (11) from refrigerating units, and then the sorted iron elements containing iron and aluminum alloys are transported to storages (14 and 15, respectively), while elements containing plastics (6), copper components (7) and electrical batteries (9) to fragmenting devices (18), (21) and (25). Crushed plastics (6) are transported by means of a conveyor to the energy generator; crushed electronic modules (21) to the converter-plasma furnace (32); and fragmented batteries (9) as well as luminophore (10) and oil (11) to the gasifier-plasma furnace (40), where metal alloys (29), (33) and (41), sludges (30), (34) and (42) and syngases (28), (35) and (43) are separated from them; then metal alloys and sludges by means of a belt conveyor (51) are transported to induction crucible furnaces (47) and subject to fire refining, and syngases to the plasma converter (44) and then to the cooling-cleaning device (45) and to the gas furnace (49) and heat exchanger (50), while the quality of combustion gases leaving the gas furnace (49) for the stack (58) is subject to continuous control on the monitoring device (62). |
