Combustion engine and method of use resulting in reduced soot emissions

摘要

It may be necessary to eliminate soot from combustion engine emissions in order to comply with regulatory requirements. It may be desirable to avoid the need for a separate aftertreatment apparatus in order to eliminate soot from combustion engine emissions. A compression ignition engine may be configured to result in combustion having a peak value of equivalence ratio of less than 4.0 at the lift off length of the flame. This may result in particulate emissions of fewer than 1012 particles per kWh.