| 摘要 |
<p>An olefin polymerization catalyst comprises the oxides of aluminium and silicon and one or more oxygen-containing compounds of a metal or metals of Group VA, the compound or at least one compound containing the metal in a valency state lower than 5. The proportion of Al2O3 in the Al2O3-SiO2 is preferabl 5-65, particularly 5-35, e.g. 12 or 25, wt. per cent. The Group VA component may be introduced as a pentavalent compound and reduced with a gas such as hydrogen, carbon monoxide or a hydrocarbon at above 300 DEG C., particularly below 650 DEG C., especially 400-550 DEG C., e.g. 500 DEG C.; prior to impregnation, the Al2O3-SiO2 may be activated at 500-750 DEG C., using air, other oxygen-containing gas or inert gas, preferably together with water vapour. The catalyst is preferably employed in a liquid hydrocarbon medium, but in the absence thereof may be fluidized or used in a fixed or moving bed. The catalyst is reactivated, after cleansing with solvents (e.g. hydrocarbons or chlorinated hydrocarbons) by "conditioning," i.e. reducing the catalyst (as above), but at lower temperatures (e.g. below 300 DEG C., even below 100 DEG C.), if necessary burning off combustible deposits prior to said "conditioning." The catalyst may be in the form of cylinders, spheres, coarse grains or lumps, but preferably comprises microspheroidal grains of 10-200, e.g. 20-120, microns.ALSO:Olefines, including mixtures thereof, are polymerized by use of a catalyst comprising a lower valency Group Va oxygen-containing compound supported on Al2O3-SiO2; the olefins are aliphatic, preferably of 2-5 carbon atoms, e.g. ethylene and propylene. The polymerization is preferably effected in an inert liquid hydrocarbon, particularly saturated aliphatic, such as iso-octane, but aromatic hydrocarbons are also mentioned, as is gas-phase polymerization. The process may be continuous or carried out in batches, and preferably at 50-200 DEG C.</p> |
