| 摘要 |
A foamed polyurethane comprises the condensation product of a polyhydroxyl alcohol ester of riconoleic acid containing at least two ricinoleyl groups and having an equivalent weight in terms of its functional hydroxyl groups above 200; a second organic polyol containing at least three functional hydroxyl groups and having a maximum equivalent weight in terms of its functional hydroxyl groups of about 125; an organic polyisocyanate; a polymerizable ethylenically unsaturated monomer, containing at most one hydroxyl group in an amount of at least 5% of the weight of the ricinoleate. The reaction mixture should not contain a catalyst such as an organic peroxide, which promotes polymerisation of the ethylenically unsaturated monomer. The ricinoleic acid esters can be the diesters of a glycol, a polyglycol, or glycerol. The preferred material is castor oil. As the second polyol there can be used N,N,N1,N1-tetrakis - (2 - hydroxypropyl) ethylene diamine, glyceryl mono-ricinoleate, triethanolamine, glycerol, and hexane triol. Suitable foaming agents are water and carboxylic acids such as acetic, propionic, lactic and b -hydroxypropionic acids. Catalysts for the reaction are tertiary amines or metal salts, e.g. iron acetyl acetonate, lead naphthenate, cobalt naphthenate, zinc stearate, tributyl tin methacrylate, dibutyl tin dilaurate, dibutyl tin oxide sodium stearate, sodium ricinoleate, sodium salicylate or sodium citrate, or Lewis acids such as trimethyl boron. In Example (2) a foamed product is obtained by mixing at room temperature tetrakis - (2 - hydroxy propyl) ethylene diamine, castor oil, styrene, ethyl cellulose, water, polyoxyethylated vegetable oil and a mixture of tolylene-2,4- and 2,6-diisocyanates. Maximum rise occurred within 1 minute and cure was complete in 12 hours. In other, similar examples, the monomer used is methyl methacrylate, ethyl methacrylate, diallyl succinate, ethyl acrylate, n-butyl acrylate, diallyl phthalate, triallyl cyanurate, styrene, diallyl maleate, dimethyl maleate, 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, tetraethylene glycol dimethacrylate, divinyl benzene, vinyl stearate, diethylene glycol dimethacrylate (alone or with vinyl toluene or methylbutenol), vinyl toluene, N,N1-diallyl-melamine (alone or with methyl-butenol or diethylene glycol dimethacrylate). In Example (9) a foamed is prepared by reacting tetrakis (2-hydroxypropyl) ethylene diamine, castor oil, diallyl phthalate, ethyl cellulose, lactic acid, water and a hexanetriol/toluene diisocyanate adduct. Also specified are calcium carbonate, calcium sulphate, calcium oxide aluminium, aluminium oxide and carbon black as fillers. Suitable foam stabilizers are polyvinyl chloride ethyl cellulose. cellulose acetate or acetate butyrate, silicone oils, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl methyl ether-maleic anhydride, casein, gum arabic and zein. Emulsifying agents which may be added to the reaction mixture are polyoxyethylated vegetable oils, polyglycol esters of fatty acids, sulphonates, ethers, soaps and sulphated soaps. |
