| 摘要 |
1,054,222. Steam raising in boilers. FOSTER WHEELER CORPORATION. Jan. 12, 1965 [Jan. 15, 1964], No. 1329/65. Heading F4A. In a once-through steam generator supplying steam to a multistage turbine the start-up system includes a separating heater 44, the top part of which is partitioned off to form a separating zone 80 and the bottom part forms a condensing zone 82 which contains condensing tubes 98 for passing feedwater from an inlet 116 via the tubes 98 to an outlet 120. During the starting period a steam and water mixture is fed from a superheater stage of the steam generator into a centrifugal separator formed between the downcomer tube 78 and the shroud 86 where the water is separated from the steam and passed out via the outlet 50 and returned by way of a feedwater high-pressure heater to a storage tank. The steam during the early part of the start-up period passes over the top lip of the downcomer tube 78 and down into the condensing zone 82 where it gives up its heat to the feedwater passing through the tubes 98. The steam condensing on the tubes 98 creates a lower pressure in the condensing zone 82 and steam is drawn from the separating zone 80. As the feedwater temperature rises and the saturation point of the condensing zone 82 is reached, the pressure in the two zones 80 and 82 is equalized and the separated steam then flows through another moisture separator 96 and outlet 72 to points of use, such as the deaerator, turbine gland seals or pre-warming and rolling the turbine. By opening the valve in the by-pass line 110 and so reducing the flow through the condensing tubes 98 pressure equalization in the two zones 80 and 82 can be achieved more quickly and steam for the uses mentioned above can be made available earlier in the start up period. During normal operation of the steam generator the separating zone 80 is taken out of service by closing and opening the appropriate valves and the feedwater passing through the tubes 98 is pre-heated by bleeding superheated steam from an intermediate pressure turbine and passing it through inlet 75 into the de-superheating section 104. De-superheated steam then passes into the condensing zone 82 and saturated water collects in the sub-cooling zone 106 and is passed via the feedwater highpressure heater to the storage tank. |
