| 摘要 |
A finishing agent for synthetic fibres and fabrics comprises an aqueous solution of an ethenoxylated polyamide which is produced by reacting 1 part by weight of polyamide with 2.5-3.5 parts by weight of ethylene oxide at 80-100 DEG C. and a pressure between 2 atmospheres gauge and the liquifaction pressure of the ethylene oxide and dissolving the product in water at 90-150 DEG C. The polyamide may be produced in the presence of an acid or neutral catalyst from pentamethylene diamine, hexamethylene diamine, and/or decamethylene diamine or salts thereof, adipic, pimelic, sebacic, terephthalic, phenylene diacetic or phenylene dipropionic acids or derivatives thereof having oxygen or sulphur in the carbon chain, o -amino-butyric, caproic, caprylic, capric, undecanic and dodecanic acids or lactams thereof. Their water content may be reduced to less than 1%. Unreacted ethylene oxide may be recovered by restoring atmospheric pressure within the reaction vessel and condensing the issuing gas. The ethenoxylated polyamide may be dissolved in the presence of a solubilizer, or oxidizing or reducing agent. Solubilizers specified are: ethanol, propanol, ethylene glycol, ethylene glycol monomethyl ether, T.H.F., dioxane, acetone, H2SO4, H3PO4, H3BO3, HCOOH, CH3COOH. 20-200% may be used. 0.05-1% H2O2 may be used as oxidizing or reducing agent. Other suitable reducing agents are NaBH4 and sodium hypophosphite. The colloidal solution may contain 1-50% of the ethenoxylated polymer. The water may be allowed to evaporate and the product redissolved in hot water.ALSO:The water-absorbency of fibres, fabrics and sheets may be increased by impregnating them with an aqueous colloidal dispersion of an ethenoxylated polyamide. The solution is prepared by treating a polyamide with 2.5-3.5 times its own weight of ethylene oxide at 80 DEG -100 DEG C. and a pressure between 2 atmospheres and the liquifaction pressure of ethylene oxide and dispersing the reaction product in water at 90 DEG -150 DEG C. Polyamides specified include nylon 6/66 and nylon 6.20-50% of the ethenoxylated polyamide may be dispersed in water in the presence of a solubilizing agent, e.g. EtoH. 0.05-1% of an oxidizing agent, e.g. H2O2, or 0.05-0.5% of a reducing agent may also be present during dispersion. The pH of the dispersion may be adjusted to 3-7, e.g. with acetic acid. The viscous or gelatinous dispersion may be diluted with water before impregnation to 1-10% concentration. The impregnation may be at elevated temperature using a foulard or by steeping and drying. |
