| 摘要 |
FIELD: chemistry. ^ SUBSTANCE: carbamide is obtained at high temperature and pressure in an apparatus having a high-pressure section, including a reactor, a stripper, a condenser and a scrubber, using a method which involves reaction of ammonia and carbon dioxide in the reactor to form a reaction mixture and separate outlet from the reactor of a liquid stream containing carbamide, ammonium carbamate and free ammonia in aqueous solution, and a gas stream mainly containing inert gases, feeding into the high-pressure section streams of liquid and gaseous carbon dioxide, feeding the liquid stream from the reactor into the stripper for partial decomposition of ammonium carbamate and partial extraction of free ammonia in the current of gaseous carbon dioxide fed into the stripper to obtain a gas stream containing ammonia and carbon dioxide with a water vapour impurity, and a liquid stream, feeding the liquid stream from the stripper to the next ammonium carbamate decomposition step and separating ammonia and carbon dioxide to obtain carbamide and a recycled liquid stream containing ammonium carbamate in an aqueous ammonium solution, feeding the gas stream from the stripper into the condenser for partial absorption-condensation thereof while mixing with ammonia and the liquid stream from the scrubber, feeding the liquid stream from the condenser into the reactor, removing ammonia and carbon dioxide from the gas stream from the reactor upon contact with the recycled liquid stream in the scrubber, where the stream of liquid carbon dioxide is fed into the high-pressure section after mixing with another process stream, where the stream of liquid carbon dioxide is mixed with a gas stream coming from the stripper or condenser, in the apparatus for mixing said streams, where when feeding the liquid stream into an insert with a variable cross-section through a convergent nozzle and the gas stream into the housing, liquid carbon dioxide evaporates through contact in the insert with part of said gas stream entering the insert, followed by contact of the mixed stream at the outlet of the insert with the remaining part of the gas stream passing through a slit between the insert and the housing. ^ EFFECT: high reliability of the used equipment. ^ 4 cl, 3 ex, 4 dwg |
