| 摘要 |
Filaments, films, and other shaped articles made from casein or vegetable protein solutions by coagulation and hardening with formaldehyde or one of its near conversion products, are treated with hydrogen chloride or with a reactive chlorine compound hydrolysable to yield hydrogen chloride either in the form of a gas or vapour or in solution in a non-aqueous solvent indifferent to the protein and the chlorine compound, whereby the resistance to hot acids including acid dye baths or the water-repellent properties of the articles are improved. Treatment may be effected at elevated temperature. Specified chlorine compounds are chlorides of organic or inorganic acids or of non-metallic elements, including phosgene, oxalyl chloride, furoyl chloride, acetyl chloride, adipyl chloride, thionyl chloride, sulphuryl chloride, sulphur monochloride, sulphur dichloride, phosphorus trichloride, phosphorus pentachloride, phosphorus oxychloride, and nitrosyl chloride. Solvents which may be used include trichlorethylene, ligroin, toluene, benzene, olive oil, and turkey red oil. The solvent is preferably a non-polar substance. In an example, filaments are obtained by extruding a solution of ground-nut protein in an aqueous solution of urea into a coagulating bath, and are hardened by treatment with formaldehyde. They are immersed in hank form in a solution of thionyl chloride in benzene, and after this treatment are washed and dried. In other examples, artificial filaments of ground-nut protein are treated with solutions of thionyl chloride in trichlorethylene, sulphur monochloride in benzene, thionyl chloride in olive oil, phosphorus oxychloride in olive oil, acetyl chloride in trichlorethylene, phosphorus pentachloride, adipyl chloride, nitrosyl chloride, or sulphuryl chloride in benzene. In other examples, hanks of ground-nut protein filaments are immersed in a solution of dry hydrogen chloride in benzene, or suspended in a heated chamber containing thionyl chloride vapour. In other examples, hanks of casein filaments hardened with formaldehyde are subjected to treatment with oxalyl chloride or thionyl chloride vapour. The handle and extensibility of the materials treated may be improved as well as their acid-resisting and water-repelling properties. Specifications 467,173 and 467,704 are referred to.
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