| 摘要 |
An unstable aqueous emulsion containing a non-ionic emulsifying agent, and a waterinsoluble etherified aminoplast resin dissolved in an alcohol of limited miscibility with water, is stabilized by adding a water-insoluble liquid aliphatic hydrocarbon, and, if desired, subjecting the emulsion to an evaporation process. Specified aminoplasts are made from formaldehyde and urea, thiourea, melamine, benzoguanamine, biuret and dicyandiamide, the aminoplasts being etherified with alcohols of limited miscibility with water. Specified alcohols are aliphatic, cycloaliphatic or araliphatic alcohols of which the miscibility with water is not substantially greater than that of n-butanol, e.g. n-butanol, amyl, hexyl and benzyl alcohol and cyclohexanol. Specified emulsifying agents are the reaction products of ethylene oxide with higher alcohols, e.g. octadecyl, oleyl and hydroabietic alcohol, higher fatty acids, higher amines and higher alkyl substituted phenols. The emulsions may also contain hardening or cross-linking agents. In the examples: (1) a melamine-formaldehyde resin etherified with and in solution in n-butanol is emulsified with an aqueous ethylene oxide-oleyl alcohol reaction product and the emulsion stabilized by a petroleum of boiling range 150 DEG to 260 DEG C.; (2) an etherified aminoplast solution similar to that of Example 1 is mixed with heavy-gasoline and emulsified with an aqueous ethylene oxide-octadecyl alcohol reaction product; (3) a urea-formaldehyde resin etherified with and in solution in n-butanol is emulsified with an aqueous ethylene oxide-octadecyl alcohol or p-nonyl phenol reaction product, the emulsion being stabilized with a petroleum of boiling range 150 DEG to 260 DEG C.; (4) an emulsion similar to that of Example (1) is stabilized with white spirit and subjected to evaporation to yield a stable viscous emulsion which can be mixed with a pigment, and, if desired, water and further benzine, rubber latex or a synthetic polymer, and a hardening catalyst to form a printing paste for textiles; (5) the evaporated emulsion of Example 4 is diluted with water, and, after the addition of an ethylene-oxide-hydroabietyl alcohol reaction product, a petroleum of boiling range 150 DEG to 260 DEG C. is emulsified therein to form a finely dispersed paste suitable as a printing paste for pigment dyestuffs; (6) a urea formaldehyde resin etherified with and in solution in cyclohexanol is emulsified in an aqueous ethylene oxide-hydroabietyl alcohol reaction product and stabilized with a petroleum of boiling range 150 DEG to 260 DEG C.; (7) a benzoguanamine-formaldehyde condensate, etherified with and in solution in n-butanol is mixed with a petroleum of boiling range 150 DEG to 260 DEG C. and emulsified with an aqueous mixture of an ethylene oxide-oleyl alcohol reaction product and ethylene oxide oleyl-amine reaction product. Specification 659,395 is referred to.ALSO:Aqueous etherified aminoplast emulsions stabilized with liquid aliphatic hydrocarbons (see Group IV (a)) are used to fix colourings or prints on fibres and textiles. In the examples: (1) to an emulsion in n-butanol, water and a petroleum fraction of a urea-formaldehyde resin etherified with n-butanol and an ethylene oxide-oleyl alcohol reaction product is added, for example, a softening agent, a filler, a pigment dyestuff or a matting agent, the emulsion then being used for printing textiles and set by steaming or hardening at raised temperature; (4) an emulsion similar to that of Example 1 is evaporated, a pigment and, if necessary, water and further stabilizer, rubber latex or a synthetic polymer and a hardening catalyst, e.g. an ammonium salt, are added to yield a printing colour which yields, after hardening or steaming, fast effects on fabrics; (5) the evaporated emulsion of Example (4) is diluted with water, N : N1-dimethoxy methyl urea, an ethylene oxidehydroabietyl alcohol reaction product and a petroleum fraction are emulsified therein, and pigment dyestuffs and a hardening catalyst, e.g. ammonium thiocyanate or boric acid, are dispersed therein to form a printing paste which yields fast effects on regenerated cellulose fibres or artificial silk after hardening at 150 DEG C. or steaming. Specification 659,395 is referred to. |
