heat transfer apparatus comprising particles in suspension in a heat transfer fluid

摘要

The device (1) comprises a container (2) in which a coolant fluid (3) circulates in closed loop. The coolant fluid increases in volume during its solidification. The container contains particles (4), which are suspended in the coolant fluid, are compressible under the effect of the pressure of the fluid for partially compensating the increase of volume of the fluid during its solidification and are elastically deformable. The particles are compressed under the effect of pressure, which is greater than a threshold pressure of 20-80 MPa. The particles have a volume concentration of 1-30%. The device (1) comprises a container (2) in which a coolant fluid (3) circulates in closed loop. The coolant fluid increases in volume during its solidification. The container contains particles (4), which are suspended in the coolant fluid, are compressible under the effect of the pressure of the fluid for partially compensating the increase of volume of the fluid during its solidification and are elastically deformable. The particles are compressed under the effect of pressure, which is greater than a threshold pressure of 20-80 MPa. The particles have a volume concentration of 1-30%. A rate of change of volume of particles, which are compressible under the effect of the solidification of the fluid is 10-60%. The coolant fluid comprises a first compound such as water, and an antifreeze or an anticorrosion product or a product, which increases the heat performances of the first compound. The particles are nanoparticles consisting of: a tridimensional mesh comprising a mesh formed by an assembly of atom (or molecules) and bonds connecting the adjacent atoms (or adjacent molecules); and a weak mesh obtained from three-dimensional mesh, where one bond between two adjacent atoms (or molecules) is a hydrogen bond or ionic bond. The mesh is capable of shrinking during the solidification of the fluid. The mesh passes by an initial state during the solidification of the fluid in which the mesh is suspended in the fluid at a final state. The particles are microparticles comprising a closed envelope made of elastically deformable material, where the envelope defines a three-dimensional space, is sealed with the fluid, has a spherical shape and is covered with a metal coating or a metal alloy device for separating the particle and the fluid. The container contains a capillary network. A density of particles of the fluid is equal to 10% when the fluid is in liquid state.