| 摘要 |
Silicon oxide based composite anode active materials including amorphous silicon oxides are provided. In one embodiment, the amorphous silicon oxide is represented by SiOx (where 0<x<2), has a binding energy of about 103 to about 106 eV, a silicon peak with a full width at half maximum (FWHM) ranging from about 1.6 to about 2.4 as measured by X-ray photoelectron spectrometry, and an atomic percentage of silicon greater than or equal to about 10 as calculated from an area of the silicon peak. The anode active material is a composite anode active material obtained by sintering hydrogen silsesquioxane (HSQ). Anodes and lithium batteries including the anode active material exhibit improved charge and discharge characteristics.
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