| 摘要 |
335,631. Dreyfus, H. July 2, 1929. Ethyl alcohol and higher alcohols; aldehydes; ketones; esters. - Ethyl alcohol and other oxygenated organic compounds, such as higher alcohols, esters, aldehydes, and ketones, are prepared by heating methanol vapour in the presence of catalysts constituted by compounds of alkali or alkaline earth metals in which the said metals are the sole metallic elements. The term " alkaline earth metals" does not include, magnesium. Suitable catalysts are the oxides, hydroxides, and alcoholates of sodium, potassium, barium, and calcium. The preferred temperature range is 400-600‹ C., but temperature of 800-800‹ C. or more may be employed. The reaction may be effected at atmospheric, reduced, or raised pressure, e.g. 25 atm. The vapour of pure methanol, dilute aqueous methanol, or crude synthetic methanol may be employed, and indifferent gases such as nitrogen may be present. Suitably, the methanol vapour is passed through a copper. silica, or earthenware tube heated to the required temperature and filled with the catalyst, which may be mounted on a carrier, e.g. pumice, kieselguhr, granulated copper, or carborundum. An example is given. |
