| 摘要 |
<p>Ethylene and its gaseous homologues are obtained by conducting a petroleum distillation residue containing a preponderance of constituents which boil at temperatures higher than 360 DEG C. and have a single or condensed cyclic structure, by means of a carrier gas consisting of hydrogen, or a mixture of hydrogen and nitrogen, through a space or chamber filled with stationary solid heat carriers where thermal cracking of the residue takes place at temperatures between 850 DEG and 1000 DEG C. If hydrogen gas only is used as the carrier gas it is constantly removed together with methane and its homologues which are always found in thermal or catalytic cracking of hydrocarbon mixtures after the ethylene and its homologues have been separated. If hydrogen and nitrogen are used then the ratio between the 2 gases is preferably so chosen that one part of nitrogen is used to every three parts of hydrogen. In a typical example, hydrogen was used as the carrier gas and the cracking temperature was 860 DEG C. and the length of stay in the cracking zone was 0.2 seconds. The yield of ethylene was 34.5 per cent by weight.</p> |
