| 摘要 |
1,2-Dehydrogenated-steroids are prepared by subjecting steroids saturated in the 1,2-position to a mixture of a hydrogen carrier and a cell-free extract of a 1,2-dehydrogenating strain of the micro-organisms Nocardia, Corynebacterium, Mycobacterium, Cylindrocarpon or Bacterium. The hydrogen carriers are such that after combination with the hydrogen in the process, may be reconverted by the addition of oxygen so as again to be available for taking up further hydrogen. Suitable hydrogen carriers mentioned are oxidation-reduction reagents, for example, dyes such as potassium ferricyanide; thiazines and imine derivatives-particularly methylene blue, phenazine methosulphate and ethosulphate, toluidine blue and resazurin; benzoquinones and imine derivatives-particularly o-quinone, toluylene blue chloride2 and phoenicin; naphthoquinones and imine derivatives-particularly 5-hydroxy -1,4-naphthaquinone; oxazines-particularly cresyl blue and brilliant cresyl blue; and indophenols, a number of which are specified. The cell-free extract of a 1,2-dehydrogenating strain of one of the above microorganisms may be obtained by substantially destroying all living cells, if required, after grinding the whole culture. The cell destruction may be brought about by autolysis, enzymic digestion methods, grinding, freezing and throwing, sonic disintegration, shaking with solvents such as acetone, shaking with glass beads, or explosion by sudden release of pressure.ALSO:The invention comprises a cell-free extract obtained from a culture of a strain of a microorganism Nocardia, Corynebacterium, Mycobacterium Cylindrocarpon or Bacterium which is capable of dehydrogenating steroids at the 1,2-position and a hydrogen carrier which is a hydrogen acceptor which, after combination with the hydrogen in the dehydrogenation process, may be reconverted by the addition of oxygen so as again to be available for taking up further hydrogen. Suitable hydrogen carriers mentioned are oxidation-reduction reagents, for example, dyes such as potassium ferricyanide; thiazine and imine derivatives-particularly methylene blue, phenazine methosulphate and ethosulphate, toluidine blue and resagurin; benzoquinones and imine derivatives-particularly o-quinone, toluylene blue chloride and phoenicin; naphthoquinones and imine derivatives-particularly 5-hydroxy -1,4-naphthoquinone; oxazines-particularly cresyl blue and brilliant cresyl blue; and indophenols, a number of which we specified. The cell-free extract of the above microorganisms may be obtained by substantially destroying all living cells, if necessary, after grinding the whole culture. The cell destruction may be brought about by autolysis, enzymic digestion methods, grinding, freezing and thawing, sonic disintegration, shaking with solvents such as acetone, shaking with glass beads, or explosion, by sudden release of pressure.
|
