| 摘要 |
FIELD: construction. ^ SUBSTANCE: invention is related to hydrotechnical construction, namely to technology for installation of motor road tunnel or tunnel of other purpose under riverbed or under bottom of another shallow water area. Method for erection of shallow subway at water area bottom includes using single facility without bottom part with controlled floatability, delivery of this facility to track of tunnel arrangement, positioning and fixation in area selected on it with the help of fixtures, leveling along horizon, arrangement of section closed in plant at water area bottom by means of its space fencing initially with the help of caissons and then rabbets, excavation of bottom soil from it with creation of bearing tunnel bed with installation of assembled or monolithic sections of tunnel on it. After works have been completed inside fenced space, including ballasting of section with soil, its fencing is dismantled, and single facility without bottom part with controlled floatability is displaced to the next place in track of tunnel erection, and cycle is repeated. Single facility without bottom part with controlled floatability is represented by self-lifting floating barge (SFB) with down portion in the middle, at which fixtures are represented with even number of at least four submersible supports, which provide, when required, lifting of SFB at height that eliminates effect of wave loads at SFB body, guides (T-bars) arranged vertically along inner walls of down portion with the possibility of submersion into soil, and caissons arranged with the possibility of interaction with guides by means of displacement along them in process of submersion and lift of each caisson with the help of crane equipment included into SFB, and also rabbet arranged on SFB and with the possibility of its submersion at inner side of caissons. Withdrawal of SFB to selected area in track of tunnel erection is carried out by self-travelling and/or with the help of towboats. Positioning and fixation of SFB above specified place in water area is carried out with the help of lowered supports, which are used to set height of SFB over level of water area providing for required clearance in case of maximum increase of water level and possible height of waves. Erection of section closed in plan at water area bottom by means of its space fencing and erection of wall above it, which is produced from caissons alternately submerging them one onto another along guides, which are arranged along inner walls of SFB down portion and tightly connecting them to each other. Lower edge of initially submerged caisson is submerged in bottom of water area at the depth that corresponds to upper surface of tunnel section arranged at the bottom of water area in place of SFB position fixation, then inside this well a rabbet is deepened into bottom soil by value that exceeds height of tunnel section. Border of soil excavation is formed, after excavation of soil from space fenced by rabbet, section of tunnel is placed on it, after that space between section and rabbet is filled with sand, frame is mounted on section and filled with ballasting material, and only then SFB is dismantled and SFB is transferred to new place of tunnel erection. ^ EFFECT: reduced time for tunnel erection, reduced labour intensiveness, increased reliability of tunnel arrangement. ^ 4 dwg |
