| 摘要 |
A cannula includes a proximal end, a distal end, and a cannula axis extending between the proximal end and the distal end. A lumen is disposed along at least a portion of the cannula between the proximal end and the distal end, and an energy output is configured to ablate a target surface, the energy output having a longitudinal axis and a tissue-disrupting distal end that is disposed within the lumen near the distal end. The tissue-disrupting distal end is configured to direct ablating energy in a direction toward the distal end of the cannula. The cannula axis and the longitudinal axis are concentric, and a region between the tissue-disrupting distal end and the distal end of the cannula is fixed and further can be transparent to a wavelength of energy emitted from the energy output.
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