| 摘要 |
Optical guided mode fast 1x2 and 2x2 spatial switches are provided that can be used in multimedia communication networks. These switches require a relative refractive index change of only 0.0001~0.0002 and can be realized using Lithium Niobate, Polymers, semiconductors, etc. Extinction ratios of these switches are made to be better than 45 dB, by introductions of a rear edge adjusted broken electrode and a blocker electrode into their architecture. Optical losses are less than 3 dB, and excellent switching characteristics are achieved by suppressing cross talk to ~50 dB. The two output ports of the 1x2 (2x2) switch are made to be spatially perpendicular (in opposition) by introduction of air grooves, allowing for two-dimensional integration of unit switches into matrices. System applications of the switch are made flexible due to a discrete drive requirement for each optical input to the 2x2 switch.
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