| 摘要 |
A system for changing the temperature (T1) of a fluid such as an on-demand water heater is disclosed. The system comprises an input for receiving the fluid a t a first temperature (T1) and an output for delivering the fluid at a second temperature (T2). A conduit connects the input to the output, and comprising means such as a heating element for altering the temperature. The system has one or more virtual sensors for estimating the fluid temperature within the conduit. The system comprises a processor having a temperature estimating program for estimating temperature based on an estima te of the heat transfer between the fluid and the conduit. The processor provides a controller with the estimated temperature. The controller subsequently generates a control signal for the temperature altering means. The system thus provides accurate fluid temperature control without suffering from the slow responsiveness that usually mars sensor-base d systems.
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