| 摘要 |
A hydrophilic system and method includes a substrate selected because of at least one designated optical property and one or more dissimilar insulating layers. The one or more dissimilar insulating layers are one of on and adjacent to at least a portion of a surface of the substrate and optically operate without substantial interference of the at least one designated optical property of the substrate. A substantially fixed and static monopole electrical charge is embedded at an interface between at least one of the substrate and one of the one or more dissimilar insulating layers and two of the one or more dissimilar insulating layers.
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