| 摘要 |
Isopropyl nitrate is produced by reacting isopropyl alcohol with aqueous nitric acid in the presence of urea in a cyclic system comprising a packed tower, circulating the reaction mixture through said tower by means of a pump, continuously introducing reaction components into the circulation conduit where also the heat required for the process is supplied, continuously discharging isopropyl nitrate and water formed in a gaseous state from the system, and continuously withdrawing liquid from the system to maintain a substantially constant volume of liquid in the system, and recovering the isopropyl nitrate so produced. The reaction components are preferably added separately on the suction side of the pump, while the heat required for the process is supplied on the pressure side, from a heat-exchanger. Preferably the circulation rate is such that the contents of the tower are changed 50-100 times per hour. The temperature is suitably maintained below the boiling-point of the reaction mixture. The vapours from the reaction tower are condensed and from the lower of the two layers so formed the ester is recovered. Unreacted isopropyl alcohol may be recovered from both layers and recycled to the process. A detailed example is given which also describes suitable apparatus. Specification 696,489 is referred to.
|
