A thermoelectric generation system for waste heat stores electric energy generated in a thermoelectric semiconductor of a thermoelectric module by raising the temperature of a heating element by contacting the heat medium fluid with the heating element of the thermoelectric module and cooling down a heat sink of the thermoelectric module by using the air inhaled to an engine through the medium fluid heated by the exhaust heat. An exhaust gas branch pipe(12) is branched from an exhaust pipe(11) discharging the exhaust gas. The inflow of the exhaust gas is controlled in the exhaust gas branch pipe by installing an exhaust control valve(13) inside the exhaust pipe. A heat medium fluid heating unit(21) is formed in a heat medium fluid pipe(20) to surround an outer circumference of the exhaust gas branch pipe and forms the flow path where the heat medium fluid flows. A heat sink is installed in an air suction pipe for inhaling the combustion air. An insulating member is interposed between a heating element and the heat sink in a thermoelectric module(30). A storage battery(60) stores an electric energy generated in the thermoelectric module by forming an electric circuit with the thermoelectric module. A disconnection switch(70) is connected between the storage battery and the thermoelectric module and switches the electric circuit connection between the storage battery and the thermoelectric module.
