| 摘要 |
A method of blasting operations in an open pit relates to mining industry and can be used in open pits for development of coal, ore and non-metallic deposits. The method comprises forming database of rock properties deposited in the open pit, building up a geometrical model of development block separated into elementary parts having similar rock properties, creation of a computer software, setting and drilling blast holes, forming, determining sequence of blasting and blasting of hole charges, evaluation of quality of rock destroying. For improving effectiveness of blasting operations due to more effective distribution of blast energy over the volume of the destroyed block, setting of blast holes in the operation block is pre-modulated by even distribution of rock destruction zones by a single hole charges by the volume of elementary parts, thereafter an imitation blast of an operation part is modulated and by the results of which a hole coordinates are determined, wherein during drilling data concerning rock properties is transferred to the rock properties database, and prior to forming hole charges a final blast is modeled having actual hole coordinates and rock properties comprising the operation block.Modeling of evenly-distributed of zones of rock destruction by blasts using single hole charges is carried out semi-automatically taking into account their interaction and information from the database of rock properties obtained after drilling boreholes of upper layer and adjacent elementary blocks, wherein modeling of imitation blasts is carried out iteratively.The modeling operation is performed after creating corresponding computer software.Information concerning rock properties adjoining the borehole is transferred to the database on-line, e.g. by collecting means and remote information transmission associated with digital model of the deposit.According to the modeling results of the final blast parameters of blast operations for the development block are revised.The results of evaluation of rock destroy quality are transferred to the database of the rock properties for use in modeling in developing underlying layer. |
