| 摘要 |
The proposed method for refining liquid radioactive waste and water form transuranic elements consists in treating the waste by hydrogen peroxide withsalts of transition metals, at pH = 1 ... 4, providing the oxidation of the waste by potassium hypermanganate, at pH ? 12, and the ultrafiltration of the waste by membrane filters with a solid polymeric or inorganic membrane with pores 0.05 ... 0.10 ?m in dimension. The proposed method provides a possibility to reduce activity of 239+240Pu, 241Am, and 244Cm elements in the product after the oxidation by 97.5 ... 99.9 %. The bichromatic oxidation of waste can be reduced from 1900 ... 2800 to 240 ... 500 mg of oxygen per 1 dm3. The content of uranium can be reduced from 4.9 ... 12 to 0.96 ... 0.98 mg/dm3. The activity of 90Sr element can be reduced from (1.2 ... 4.3).106 to 1.4.103 ...1.3.104 Bq/dm3. The proposed method can be used for prerefining liquid radioactive waste at the Chornobyl nuclear power plant.
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