<p>Disclosed is a liquid fuel synthesis system (1) which comprises: a reformer (12) for reforming a hydrocarbon raw material to produce a synthetic gas composed mainly of a carbon monoxide gas and a hydrogen gas; a bubble column-type reactor (30) for synthesizing a liquid hydrocarbon from the carbon monoxide gas and the hydrogen gas contained in the synthetic gas; a rectification column (70) for rectifying the liquid hydrocarbon to separate a liquid hydrocarbon having a predetermined number or higher of carbon atoms; and a cooling unit (80, 82) for cooling at least one of an exhaust gas discharged from the bubble column-type reactor (30) and an exhaust gas discharged from the rectification column (70) to liquefy the hydrocarbon. The system (1) can collect a hydrocarbon gas having a predetermined number or higher of carbon atoms contained in a liquefied exhaust gas.</p>
