Hot water solid-fuel-burning boiler, mainly based on biomass

摘要

The invention relates to a boiler working with solid fuels mainly based on biomass, such as wood chips, for heating water. According to the invention, the boiler comprises an outer casing (11) provided with an insulating layer (12) and a boiler body (1) having two jackets forming therebetween a cavity (10) wherein there is introduced the water to be heated, a part of said cavity being an inner vault (2) with some side walls (20 and 20") whose lower ends are provided with some secondary air distributors (6 and 6") having some outer suction inlets (67 and 67"), with an ash pit (13), an orifice (14) for manually supplying with fuel, an upper cleaning orifice (15), an inlet (16) for the circulating water, an upper orifice (17) for discharging the hot water, a room (30) for the ash, an upper combustion room (33), a cooling chamber (34) with a fume collector (5) provided with a fume exhauster (50), the volume of the secondary air entered through the orifices (67 and 67") being controlled by some regulating valves (61, 61", 62 and 62") actuated by a stepper electric motor (66) placed at the bottom, and the top of the recovery combustion room (32) comprises an inlet (7) for the supplementary secondary air provided with an orifice (71) and a barrier (72) which may be controlled by another stepper motor (73) located at the top, between the hollow bars (31) of the grate there being placed some displaceable cleaning fingers (80) of an oscillating support (8) actuated by a linear electromagnetic device (81), the fume collector (5) being provided with an oxygen probe (53) which controls the functioning of the two electric stepper motors (66 and 73) at the boiler bottom and top, respectively.