| 摘要 |
FIELD: radiation shielding materials. ^ SUBSTANCE: proposed X-ray and gamma-ray shielding material has matrix incorporating fixed shielding filler composed of metal-containing polydispersed single-component and multicomponent mixture with energy-interrelated particles measuring 10-9 to 10-3 m. Matrix is made of insulating material in the form of three-dimensional spherical component or in the form of other component of arbitrary enclosed form transformed from the spherical component, its surface curvature radius being more than 0.1 mm; it is enclosed by continuous active-energy layer of shielding filler, 10-9 to 10-3 m thick. Mass of shielding filler formed in this way, other shielding properties being equal, is lower than that of same but non-formed shielding filler. Shielding material of first alternative design has its matrix made of electricity conductive material whose surface is covered with continuous insulating layer. Shielding filler layer may be covered with shielding layer of wear-resistant insulating material. Shielding material of second alternative design has its matrix made of electricity conductive material whose surface is covered with continuous layer of insulating material. Shielding filler layer may be covered with shielding layer of wear-resistant insulating material. Shielding material of third alternative design has its shielding filler fixed within insulating matrix and is made in the form of several separate enclosed layers, each next one of them being disposed in a spaced relation within preceding layer. Material of fourth alternative design has its shielding filler enclosing each of plurality of intermediate insulating media disposed in matrix and are similar in design to matrix of first alternative design. Material of fifth alternative design has each intermediate layer made of electricity conductive material covered with continuous insulating layer. Shielding filler layers in third, fourth, and fifth alternative designs may have similar or different chemical composition. Intermediate media of fourth and fifths alternative designs may be solid or hollow. ^ EFFECT: enhanced percentage of shielding filler in material affording high reliability of shielding without taking additional high-cost measures. ^ 12 cl, 3 ex |
