| 摘要 |
A system combines reverse electrodialysis and electrolysis to produce hydrogen gas from the controlled mixing of fresh and salt water. A battery stack is formed of alternating membranes of selectively cation-permeable and anion-permeable membranes. Alternating solutions of fresh and salt water flow between the alternating membrane types, causing cations to flow in one direction and anions in the opposite direction, generating a current and cumulative voltage through the stack-this is reverse electrodialysis. The ends of the stack are terminated in electrodes which are shorted together. A recirculating reagent solution flows back and forth between the cells adjacent to the end electrodes, promoting a hydrogen-producing electrolysis and avoiding generation of unwanted chemicals, for example, chlorine. Alterations in the reagent can cause production of antimicrobial compounds for cleansing the membranes. Periodic polarity reversals reduce membrane scale buildup and enhance efficiency.
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