| 摘要 |
<PICT:0956297/C3/1> <PICT:0956297/C3/2> <PICT:0956297/C3/3> An electrolytic reaction unit for producing organo metallic compounds such as tetraethyl lead, tetramethyl lead or compounds of zinc or manganese has hollow cathodes 56 through which heat exchange fluid flows, the anode being formed by a solid electrically conducting reactant substance, e.g. Pb granules, which is prevented from contacting the cathodes by liquid permeable electrically insulating means over the cathodes. The cathodes may have internal baffles 100, Fig. 10, for the heat exchange fluid and the liquid permeable electrically insulating means may comprise layers of woven glass 104, 106, Fig. 12, and nylon 105 cloth or cloth woven from polypropylene or both polypropylene and polyethylene filaments. The cathodes are mounted by brackets 92, 93, Fig. 3, and are electrically connected at 107. In making tetraethyl lead, the electrolyte comprises ethyl magnesium chloride dissolved in an anhydrous solvent such as the dibutyl ether of diethylene glycol. Typical operating conditions are a temperature of 100 DEG F., average D.C. voltage of 27.4 volts, average current of 14.8 amps, electrolyte flow rate of 1.5 gals. per minute and a superatmospheric pressure, e.g. of 7.5 p.s.i.g. A nitrogen purge may be used. As the reaction proceeds the Pb granules react with free hydrocarbon radicals produced in the electrolysis and dissolve. Electrolyte is removed from the reaction unit and the tetraethyl lead recovered, e.g. by vacuum or steam distillation. A number of electrolytic reaction units may be used in series with electrolyte flowing from one to the next, Fig. 1 (not shown). Tetramethyl lead may be for similarly. |
